This paper presents an overview of the new programmable features of modern graphics hardware. These programmable features are represented by the vertex engines and pixel pipelines found in modern Graphics Processing Units (GPU). Each one of these programmable units is effectively an independent processing element containing a program, storage and an Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU). This paper uses Microsoft's DirectX 8.1 terminology. This paper will focus on Vertex Shader version 1.1 and Pixel Shader version 1.4. This has the advantage of using a familiar assembly like language instead of the function call interface of OpenGL and it is similar to the upcoming DirectX 9.0 Vertex Shader 2.0 and Pixel Shader version 2.0.
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