The Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) is a widely used transport layer protocol in the Internet. TCP provides reliable, end-to-end connections over the Internet. [Kri04]. TCP is tuned to perform well in traditional networks where packet loss occurs mostly because of congestion. However, networks with wireless and other lossy links also suffer from significant non-congestion-related losses due to bit errors and handoffs. This paper first describes the interesting parts of TCP protocol when talking about congestion control and bandwidth estimation. It also describes the TCP Westwood protocol. The paper compares it to some other TCP variants. Results of some performance tests of the TCP Westwood are presented.
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