Information hiding techniques can be used by criminals and terrorists to communicate over covert channels within the TCP/IP protocol suite and can be used to overcome firewalls and most other forms of network intrusion detection and prevention systems. The work described in this paper is the covert channel concept and weaknesses in the five layered TCP/IP layered model. It then presents an evaluation framework for the analysis of covert channels and illustrates this with an example featuring the heavily used IPv4 datagram header.
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