Knowing the capacity of an Internet path is important for efficient network utilization, pricing, and management. Using the capacity information, one can provide better TCP congestion control, multimedia streaming, P2P peer selection, and overlay structuring. Capacity estimation has been extensively studied. Though current approaches have been able to provide fast and accurate capacity estimates, they are mostly "active" in nature (i.e., they utilize extra probing packets) and thus tend to be intrusive. This paper proposes TCP Probe, a "passive" capacity estimation extension to TCP, to accurately estimate bottleneck link capacity of an Internet path. The TCP Probe extension is packet-pair based, and it is applicable to all TCP variants.
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