Low-rate TCP targeted denial of service attacks are a subset of DoS attacks that exploit the Retransmission TimeOut (RTO) mechanism of TCP. In doing so, such an attack can drastically reduce throughput while producing little traffic relative to traditional DoS attacks. Since it produces only periodic traffic, a low-rate attack is difficult to detect and prevent. Another property of the periodic traffic, however, is that a low-rate attack's success depends on synchronization with the victim's RTO.
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