Next generation networks with large bandwidth and long delay pose a major challenge to TCP performance, especially during the startup period. This paper evaluates the performance of TCP Reno/Newreno, Vegas and Hoe's modification in large bandwidth delay networks. A modified Slow-start mechanism, called Adaptive Start (Astart), to improve the startup performance in such networks proposed. When a connection initially begins or re-starts after a coarse timeout, Astart adaptively and repeatedly resets the Slow-start Threshold (ssthresh) based on an eligible sending rate estimation mechanism proposed in TCP Westwood. By adapting to network conditions during the startup phase, a sender is able to grow the congestion window (cwnd) fast without incurring risk of buffer overflow and multiple losses.
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