According to behavioral psychologists, all animals (including humans, otters, and single-celled creatures) learn essentially the same way. Experience presents situations in which choices lead to outcomes. As the animal receives feedback about the outcome, it adapts. If the outcome was positive, the creature is more likely to make the same choice in the future. If the outcome was negative, the creature is less likely to make that choice again. Notice that there is no guarantee that a "Good" behavior is always repeated or that a bad behavior becomes extinct; it is only a matter of probability. The right decision is more likely to be made and the wrong decision is less likely to be made.
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