Most routing algorithms for sensor networks focus on finding energy efficient paths to prolong the lifetime of sensor networks. As a result, the sensors on the efficient paths deplete quickly, and consequently the sensor networks become incapable of monitoring events from some parts of their target areas. In many sensor network applications, the sensed events have uncertainties in positions and generation patterns. This paper introduces a new metric, called Energy-Welfare, which considers average and balance of sensors' remaining energies at the same time. Using this metric, the paper design the Maximum Energy Welfare Routing (MaxEW) algorithm, this achieves simultaneous energy efficiency and energy balance of sensor networks.
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