A novel self-organizing hierarchical architecture is proposed for improving the scalability properties of ad-hoc wireless networks. This paper focuses on the design and evaluation of routing protocols applicable to this class of hierarchical ad-hoc networks. The performance of a hierarchical network with the popular Dynamic Source Routing (DSR) protocol is evaluated and compared with that of a conventional "Flat" ad-hoc networks using an ns-2 simulation model. Alternative routing metrics that account for energy efficiency are also considered briefly, and the effect on user performance and system capacity are given for a specific example.
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