The combination of a real-time executive and an o-the-shelf time-sharing operating system has the potential of providing both predictability and the comfort of a large application base. To isolate the real-time section from a significant class of faults in the (ever-growing) time-sharing operating system, address spaces can be used to encapsulate the time-sharing subsystem. To analyze this cost, it compares in detail two systems with almost identical interfaces - both are a combination of the Linux operating system and a small real-time executive. The analysis revealed that for interrupt-response times, the delay and jitter caused by address spaces are similar to or even smaller than those caused by caches and blocked interrupts.
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