As mobile users cross the border of two adjacent domains with on-going sessions, their re-authentication causes a significant impact on inter-domain handoff latency as it requires remote contact with the authentication server across domains, making it difficult to employ current authentication protocols. This paper focuses on the cross-domain authentication over Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs) that minimizes the need for remote access. The paper analyzes the security requirements suggested by the IEEE 802.11i authentication standard, and considers additional requirements to help reduce the authentication latency without compromising the level of security. An enhanced protocol called the Mobility-adjusted Authentication Protocol (MAP) is proposed that performs mutual authentication and hierarchical key derivation with minimal handshakes, relying on symmetric cryptographic functions.
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