GSM to all intents and purposes is an ISDN based standard with 12.2 kbps voice channels sitting within 16 k/bit channels multiplexing into 144 k/bit channels in the ISDN core network. Release 99 WCDMA was originally an ATM based standard with a 2.048 Mbps 'headline' data rate rather than the ISDN H12 data rate of 1920 kbps. As in seen later in this white paper, there is no real reason to suppose that wireline standards should be any less relevant in the future than they have been in the past. The Wimax standard is being developed through the IEEE 802.16 work groups.
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