Tt is well known that, as the number of active stations increases, the performance of IEEE 802.11 MAC protocol in terms of delay and throughput degrades dramatically, especially when each station's load approaches its saturation state. To explore the inherent problems in this protocol, it is important to characterize the probability distribution of the packet service time at the MAC layer. In this paper, by modeling the exponential backoff process as a Markov chain, one can use the signal transfer function of the generalized state transition diagram to derive an approximate probability distribution of the MAC layer service time.
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