The 1996 welfare reform law that established the Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) program gave states increased discretion in providing benefits and setting program rules. In response, states have dramatically changed their policies and practices for handling welfare applications. Many welfare offices have adopted "work first" policies that require recipients to engage in job search or other work-related activities while they apply for cash assistance, and some offices have initiated policies that try to divert applicants from monthly cash assistance. However, fewer offices have created effective mechanisms for informing diverted applicants and recipients leaving welfare about the availability of food stamps, Medicaid, and other benefits.
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