This paper discusses performance budgeting and the Office of Management and Budget's (OMB) Program Assessment Rating Tool (PART). Since the 1950s, the federal government has attempted several governmentwide initiatives designed to better align spending decisions with expected performance - what is commonly referred to as "performance budgeting." The consensus is that prior efforts - including the Hoover Commission, the Planning-Programming-Budgeting-System (PPBS), Management by Objectives, and Zero-Based Budgeting (ZBB) - did not succeed in significantly shifting the focus of the federal budget process from its long-standing concentration on the items of government spending to the results of its programs.
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