A servlet is basically a user-supplied extension of the web server's default functionality. Like an Applet is a piece of Java bytecode that is executed inside the web browser to implement some functionality on the client side, a Servlet is a piece of Java bytecode that is executed inside the web server to implement some functionality on the server side. In typical cases it would be used to generate web pages with dynamic content on-the-fly or provide some web interface to a server side application. The servlet technology is just another means to avoid the classic CGI child process implementation and its associated overhead for short-lived process creation as well as hassle with state management to make a sequence of inherently independent http requests form some kind of logical transaction from the user perspective.
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