The "greenhouse effect" is the term used to describe the retention of heat in the earth's lower atmosphere (troposphere). In colloquial usage it often refers to the enhanced global warming which is considered likely to occur because of the increasing concentrations of certain trace gases in the atmosphere. These gases are generally known as greenhouse gases, or more specifically as radiative gases. Concentrations of them have increased significantly during this century, and a large part of this increase is attributed to human sources, i.e. it is anthropogenic.
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